Lock



YDec. 25, 1928. n 1,696,829

. s. wlsE:

LOCK

Filed Jllly l2, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 .n Y INVENTOR.

ATTORNY.

Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,829 s. wisE l Locx Filed July 12, 1927 v 2 sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN TOR.

www

ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,695,829 PATENT oFFlcE- SOLOMON WISE, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO.

LOCK.

Application led July 12 described.

One of the objects of my invention is to so arrange tubular tumblers in a lock structure that it is not practical to establish a line of cleavage on the outer ones of the set by means of a pin, and then move the one system of plungers with relation to the other by placing a-strainy on the mechanism to hold the two sets out. ofy line, followed by displacing each of the inner tumblers to the` line of cleavage and thus picking the lock Without the use of a key.

Another object of my invention is to provide a structure usingy the tubular plungers in whichvthe revolution of the'container fory the outer set of tumblers moves the container forthe inner set through its. full .path from onelocked position to another locked position, in a one-half revolution of the' key, which locks a door open and also locks it closed.. It is also'the obj ect to provide a structure inlwhich the revolution ofthe container for the outer set of tubes moves the container for the inner set ina straight line or substantially so, said latter movement energizing the locking bar .of'whatever lock is being operated. v

. As advantages for my particular type of plungers in a vehicle or other door handle, I referto the fact that the key can be inserted in two opposite ways instead ofv in but one way as in the pin tumbler type oflock, and to the fact that the particular arrangement permits the door handle to be freely movable unless the key is operated, becauseftheY tumblers are interengaged to hold-out the handle fastening bolt, as well as being engaged to hold the bolt inlocking position. f

I accomplish the statedobjects and advantages and others to be noted by that certain construction. and arrangement.v of parts to be hereinafter more specifically pointed out and claimed.

In the drawingsz-ny Fi ure 1 is a section taken through the door handI FignreQ. is a section taken through-theleek e lock showin the use of my invention-f 192'?. Serial' No; 205,186.'

with the tumbler removed at right angles to thesection of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view showing the relation of the plungers when in normal position of interengagement.

Figure 4 is a view showing the Vresult of an attempt to pick the lock.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the three positions of the lock, i. e. locked in one direction intermediate'between positions, and. locked in the other direction.

Figure 8v is. an end view of the barrelor tumbler container for the'outer set of tum- Figure 9 is a side elevation thereof.

Figure 10 is a side elevation of the container for the inner set of tumblers.

'.Figure 11 is a view of the part shown in Figure 9 at right angles to said figure, with a proj ection'of the said part.

Figure 12 is a view, of a key.

Figure 13 is a section on the line 13-13 of f Figure 2. b Figure 14 is a perspectivek of the lookin Figure 15 is anexternal elevation the door handle lock.V

Figure 16-is a View like Figure 15, with the tumbler parts andl containers removed.

I will describe my lock with reference to the particular embodiment shown, which is of a door handle for vehicles. The handle is illustrated at` 1, having a hollow shank 2. The shank extends inward in the door to a point where it operates the usual door latch, and is so'mounted that when a llocking bar illustrated at 3 is projected .from the inner end of the shank, the shank, andV henceithe handle,'cannot be revolved; This locksthe door by means of the handle operated latch, which is then out of control of the operator.

There are two tumbler containers in the showing lock, marked in general 4; and 5. The locking bar 3 lies in a. slot 6, which passes through the shank ofthe handle,.and the inner end'of the container, as indicated at 7, engages the lock bar; The inner container 5 is-arranged so that it slides to and fro, when the outer container is revolved, thus operating the locking bar..

They remainder ofthe lock is adapted for use in connection with any desired hollow shank or; mounting element to operate any kind'ofamovable lock bar. Y A

yTodescribe-firstthe outer container, it will be noted` that .thienontaner has *a bar-rel shaped portion which has been marked 4. Vithin this portion is a chamber 4a for the tumbler assembly, which chamber is off center of the barrel shaped portion, and there is a projection 4l of the container in line with the chamber.

The outer face of the container 4 is closed except for a slot 4, which lets into the tumbler chamber. Through this slot the key is inserted, so that the revolution of the key revolves the container.

The container is held in place in the shank of tho door handle by means of a thimble 4d, which driven into place and is flanged inwardly to engage over a shoulder 4g, about the outer end of the container. The thimble is notched at 4, to permit insertion of the key in both positions of the barrel. The key 8 has the tumbler operating tongues 8, and the notches 8b, for insertion past the notches in the thimble,

The container 5 has a flattened portion 5, which rests in a rectangular portion 9 of the bore of the handle shank. lt has a fiange 5b which rests on the shoulder about the outer end of the portion 9 of said shank bore. The chamber 5C in the container 5 is eccentric to the central axis thereof, and two lips 5d extend from the outer end of the container, in line with the bore, and are flattened on the inner faces thereof. The projection 4b of the container 4 lies between the said lips, with the result that when the container 4 is revolved, the container 5 is moved crosswise across the bore portion 9, The inner end of the container 5, as has been noted, has a projection 5, which enga-ges the lockingv bar, and the arrangement is such that when the container 5 is at one end of its stroke, the lock bar will latch the door handle against movement, and when at the other end of its stroke the lock bar will be in inoperative position.

The structure is also such that the tumbler containing chambers will be in line with each other so that the tumblers can intermesh at both ends of the stroke, thus avoiding chance dislodgments of the lock bar and absolutely requiring a key operation to open and to close the said lock bar. This relation will be evident from Figures 5, 6 and 7.

The tumblers themselves may be of any desired number, and in this case I have shown three tumblers in each container chamber, the central ones being pins, and the two outer onesV concentric tubes.

Referring irst to the outer set, there is the outer tube 10, the inner tube 11, and the central pin V12. ln the inner set there is the outer tube 13, the inner tube 14, and the central pin l5.r There are springs 18a and 14, set into the tumbler chamber 5, sothat when the container chambers are both in line, the tumblers will be forced by the springs to intermeshing relation which will prevent the two containers from moving out of line with each other.

To line up the tumblers of the outer set with those of the inner set to a line of cleavage requires the insertion of the key which is inserted until the pin l5 is forced to the bottom of the chamber 5a, thus gauging the amount of insertion of the key that fits the particular assembly. rThe tubular elements will be then so lined up that the containers can move with relation to each other, and the inception of any degree of movement will make the cleavage permanent until the half turn ofthe key (in this instance) when the chambers will line up again, then the key will be forced out of thelock by the springs on the inner set of tumblers.

lt is evident that changes in length of tumblers will give a very large number of variations of therequired keys to open any given arrangement.

In order to prevent a thief from forcing in the outer largest tumbler until the containers will move slightly with each other, and then forcing in the second largest, and again moving the containers relative to each other, and finally forcing down the central pins, using a hair pin or some like improvised tool, I provide that the tubular tumbler 14 has a shoulder around its outer end as indicated at 14, which shoulder ts within the outer tumbler. Should a thief try to force in the outer tumblers to the cleavage line, the result will be that a strain on the container will result in the inner end of the inner tumbler moving to a position where it will project under the shoulder on the tumbler 14, thus preventing this tumbler from being forced in. This relation is shown in Figure 4.

rlhe parts of the whole assembly are easily dropped into place and may be made by die casting or screw machine, so that the lock is not only effective, but strong and cheap to make. To force the lock would require the shearing of a considerable mass of metal equal to the total thickness of the tumbler assembly. To operate the lock, the key has no right side and wrong side for insertion, which simplifies the operation.

lt will be .evident from the above that the principle of the lock, irrespective of the vehicle door handle assembly,`permits of its use in a wide number of ways, and l do not wish my invention limited to any one application or to any specific type of lock bar to be operated, and will express in the claims the inventionwhich I believe to be inherentin my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new yand desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a lock, the combination of two tumbler containers, means on one container for moving the other container with relation to llt) it, tumbler chambers in said containers, a set oi concentric tumblers for each chamber one of which sets at least, is spring impelled, whereby when the chambers are in line the tumblers will intermesh and hold them against relative movement, adapted to re ceive a key for the one container, establishing a line of cleavage between the sets for concentric tumblers and for rotating said container, and means on the other container to operate a bolt.

2. In a lock, the combination of two tumbler containers, means on one container for moving the other container with relation to it, tumbler chambers in said containers, a set of concentric tumblers for each chamber one of which sets at least, is vspring impelled, whereby when the chambers are in line the tumblers will intermesh and hold them against relative movement, adapted to receive a key for t-he one container, establishing a line of cleavage between the sets of concentric tumblers and for rotating said container, and means on the other container to operate a bolt, said containers having means for mounting the same to permit revolution of one and movement of the other, the chambers in the key operated container being eccentric to it.

3. In a door lock, the combination with a handle and shank, a bolt for locking the shank, tumbler containers Within the shank, having each a set of concentric tumblers matching each other in diameter in the sets one set being spring impelled, means on the outer container to move the inner one, and means on the inner one to operate the bolt.

4. In a tumbler lock arrangement, means providing a pair of tumbler chambers which have a coaxial position, a set of concentric tumblers in each chamber, said chambers being relatively movable so as to move the tumblers out of axial relation, one of the tumblers of the inner set having an expanded end fitting wit-hin another of the tumblers of said set, 'or the purpose described.

5. In a tumbler lock arrangement, means providing a pair of tumbler chambers which have a coaxial position, a set of concentric tumble-rs in each chamber, said chambers being relatively movable so as to move the tuml bers out Yof axial relation, one of the tumblers of the inner set having an expanded end litting within another of the tumblers of said set, for the purpose described, said tumblers oi? the inner set having spring means to force them into the chamber of the tumblers of the outer set when the tumbler chambers are coaxial.

6. In a door lock, the combination of a handle having a shank, a tumbler container revoluble in said shank, another tumbler container slidable but not substantially revoluble in said shank, means controlled by the said slidable container for bolting the shank, and concentric tumblers in said containers having spring means to hold them in position of interengagement Within the two containers when said containers are in a selected position, a line of cleavage in said tumblers a dapted to be established by a key whereby said bolt may be operated.

7. In a lock, the combination with a bolt therefor, of a slidable tumbler container to control the operation of the bolt, a revoluble tumbler container, said tumbler containers having matching concentric tumblers in each which normally interengage to hold the cont-ainers against relative movement, the tumblers in the revoluble container being eccen'A tric thereto, and means on said revoluble container, coaxial with the tumbler assembly therein to engage the slidable tumbler container as a cam, whereby revolution of the revoluble container will move the slidable container, when the sets of tumblers are brought to a line of cleavage.

8. In a l0ck,fthe combination with a bolt therefor, of a slidable tumbler container to control the operation of the bolt, a revoluble tumbler container, said tumbler containers having matching concentric tumblers in each which normally interengage to hold the containers against relative movement, the tumblers in the revoluble container being `eccentric thereto, and means on said revoluble contain er, coaxial with the tumbler assembly therein to engage the slidable tumbler container as a cam, whereby revolution of the revoluble container Will move the slidable container, when the sets of tumblers are soLoMoN Wiss. 

